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Risk-Adapted Safety Monitoring the National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research (2007) (National Statement) permits monitoring arrangements to be commensurate to the risk, size and complexity of the trial. The sponsor’s plans for safety monitoring should be documented and continually reviewed and adapted during the trial, as real time assessments of safety data are performed. Safety monitoring and reporting in clinical trials involving therapeutic goods 1 4. The Trial Sponsor and Ongoing Safety Monitoring the sponsor of a clinical trial is defned as ‘an individual, organisation or group taking on responsibility for securing the arrangements to initiate, manage and fnance a study’. Many sponsor functions may be delegated to third parties, such as clinical research organisations/centres, Data Safety Monitoring Boards or Coordinating Principal Investigators, provided that arrangements are in place for oversight of any delegated activities. Although the defnition of trial sponsor allows an individual to be named as sponsor, for non-commercial trials it is usually more appropriate for an institution, rather than an investigator, to perform this role. It is also common practice for a group of non-commercial partners to make collaborative arrangements to initiate, manage and fund trials and, in such circumstances, it is important to ensure that all sponsor functions, including safety monitoring and reporting, are clearly allocated or delegated. To ensure there is appropriate independent oversight of safety within a clinical trial, sponsors should generally utilise an independent committee or independent individuals. When convened,4 Data Safety Monitoring Boards are best placed to perform the review of trial safety data, as they are in the unique position of being able to review unblinded safety information to assess treatment exposure. In addition, they are often the only body with access to emerging effcacy data for the trial. As such, they have the clearest picture of the evolving balance of risks and benefts within the trial. Sponsors, through feedback from their safety committees or medical monitors, are responsible for generating safety communications. As such, placing the sponsor at the centre of the communication cascade will ensure timely and streamlined dissemination of information, and will align Australia with other world regions with single ethical review systems. Sponsors have the5 fexibility to delegate reporting responsibilities to third parties, for example, to a coordinating centre in a non-commercial trial. Safety monitoring and reporting in clinical trials involving therapeutic goods 2 5. Clarifying requirements and terminology for the reporting of Ensures that signifcant safety issues are communicated to all signifcant safety issues. Note: this defnition includes biologicals used as investigational medicinal products. Biological7 An item made from, or containing, human cells or human tissues, and that is used to treat or prevent disease or injury, diagnose a condition of a person, alter the physiological processes of a person, test the susceptibility of a person to disease, replace or modify a person’s body part(s). Comment: All adverse events judged by either the reporting investigator or the sponsor as having a reasonable possibility of a causal relationship to an investigational medicinal product would qualify as adverse reactions. The expression ‘reasonable causal relationship’ means to convey, in general, that there is evidence or argument to suggest a causal relationship. Note8: the following are examples of types of evidence that would suggest a causal relationship between the investigational product and the adverse event: A single occurrence of an event that is uncommon and known to be strongly associated with drug exposure.

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Participation solely in the collection of data (or other Data and other evidence may be gathered by persons who know little or nothing evidence) does not justify authorship. Such persons cannot take public responsibility for the main elements of a report; they could testify only to the validity of elements of evidence and not to how those elements support the report’s arguments and conclusions. Persons for whom authorship is not justified may be named in the report’s acknowledgements section. Each part of the report that is critical to its main conclusions Each element of the report that is vital to its conclusions must be publicly and each step in the research that led to its publication must defensible or the report’s validity is open to question. Persons who have contributed intellectually to the report but Unless solely responsible for all the report represents, authors should indicate whose contribution does not justify authorship may be named who provided intellectual assistance and the nature of that assistance. You must obtain permission from persons you abstracting literature, and work in preparing the manuscript that is not wish to mention in the acknowledgements section. It is also a good habit to ask only abstract and (2) the Medical Subject Headings list is very co-authors who have met those standards. The title page should give the full name and affiliation Authors are then listed in order of contribution. The exof each author and specify which is the corresponding ception to that rule is the last author listed; in many inauthor; the corresponding author is the primary contact for stances the senior author is listed last. The senior author is the journal’s editorial office and the contact person for often the most experienced member of the group, the adindividuals who have questions about the research. If the ministrative leader, and/or the person who directs or is corresponding author is at a hospital or an academic inresponsible for funding at the facility where the research stitution, list his or her full name (including middle initial), was done. If the research was supported by a just the facts presentation of your research. The introduction or purpose can often Conflicts of Interest be stated in a single sentence. The objective should be stated in one imperative-style sentence; for example: Objective: Compare the moisture output of 2 humidification the title page should also list and explain conflicts of systems, using a lung model. The most common conflict of interest is that Describe the methods and the main results in 3–4 senone of the authors has a financial affiliation with a tences each. Carefully select the most important data and company that produces one of the products tested or statistics to show and/or describe in the results section. The conclusion, like the introtions or interests that could be perceived as creating a duction can typically be handled in 1 or 2 sentences. However, if there are no such affilsumming up the findings in the first sentence and then iations or interests, there is no need to include a general make a conclusion in the second.

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The key is sustained intellectual contribution, the provision of substantial comments, and approval of the final version. Although preferred, it is not always feasible or necessary for authors to comment on every stage of manuscript development. Final approval of the version to be published To give final approval, it is necessary to have carefully read the entire manuscript from start to finish. To some extent, this will depend on the complexity of the research and of the publication, but it would be unusual in biomedical research (with few exceptions) to require >10 authors to meet this need. A high number of authors calls into question whether they could all have provided substantial intellectual contribution. Author sequence Authors should decide how this will be determined at the initiation of the work, including the designation of the lead and corresponding authors, who may or may not be the same person. Those who made the greatest contribution are generally listed first, but alphabetical order may also be used. It may be useful to describe in the contributorship section of the publication whether alphabetical order or some other convention was used to determine author order. Addition or removal of author In certain circumstances during the development of a publication, it may be necessary to add or remove an author. Only in rare cases, such as the work substantially changing in response to reviewer comments, should addition or removal of an author be considered after submission. Death or incapacity of an author Should an author die after completing a major part of the work. We suggest, as a first step, seeking advice on correct attribution and process from journal instructions or the editorial office. If the journal agrees to posthumous authorship but requires submission forms to be signed, then in the case of a sponsor-employed author or a contractor, a supervisor may be the most appropriate proxy. Otherwise, a family member or person with power of attorney should be approached (19). In all cases, efforts should be made to contact the family of the deceased author to inform them of the intention and request their consent to the listing or acknowledgment. Change of affiliation If an author changes affiliation before the work is published, his or her affiliation should reflect where the major part of the work was done. The current affiliation and contact details should be listed in a footnote or in the acknowledgment section. Change of affiliation alone is not a valid reason to remove an author from a publication if he or she meets authorship criteria. Companyor sponsor-employed Sponsor-employed scientists and clinicians are often qualified to participate as authors of authors company-sponsored research publications and should have that opportunity.

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Logistic Regression Patient Risk Factor Prevalence (%) Coefcient P-Value Odds Ratio Demographic Age: Number of years greater than 80 — 0. Logistic Regression Patient Risk Factor Prevalence (%) Coefcient P-Value Odds Ratio Demographic Age: Number of years greater than 60 — 0. Einstein College 1825 Eastchester Road Bassett Medical Center Bronx, New York 10461 Atwell Road Cooperstown, New York 13326 Mount Sinai Beth Israel 10 Nathan D. Perlman Place Bellevue Hospital Center New York, New York 10003 462 First Avenue and 27th Street New York, New York 10016 Mount Sinai Hospital One Gustave L. Levy Place Bufalo General Medical Center New York, New York 10029 100 High Street Bufalo, New York 14203 Mount Sinai St. Francis Hospital University Hospital at Stony Brook 100 Port Washington Boulevard Stony Brook, New York 11794-8410 Roslyn, New York 11576 University Hospital of Brooklyn St. Joseph’s Hospital Health Center 450 Clarkson Avenue 301 Prospect Avenue Brooklyn, New York 11203 Syracuse, New York 13203 Upstate University Hospital – State University St. Peter’s Hospital of New York 315 South Manning Boulevard 750 East Adams Street Albany, New York 12208 Syracuse, New York 13210 Southside Hospital Vassar Brothers Medical Center 301 East Main Street 45 Reade Place Bayshore, New York 11706 Poughkeepsie, New York 12601 Staten Island University Hospital – North Westchester Medical Center 475 Seaview Avenue 100 Woods Road Staten Island, New York 10305 Valhalla, New York 10595 Strong Memorial Hospital 601 Elmwood Avenue Rochester, New York 14642 *** No longer performing cardiac surgery. Additional copies of this report may be obtained through the Department of Health web site at. Thomas2 1Associate Professor of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery and Consultant Cardio-Thoracic Surgeon, Kastrba Medical College, Mangaluru, Manipal University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India. Abstract Patients suffering from cardiovascular disease are vulnerable to physical and emotional stress. If, in addition, the patients have to undergo dental treatment, it will add to their stress. Cardiac patients may collapse in the dental clinic due to various cardiac emergencies or drug interactions. Hence, patients with cardiac disease may pose a signifcant risk in dental clinics. Multidisciplinary approach while treating medically compromised dental patients is mandatory to reduce complications and to achieve satisfactory results. This article gives an overview of inter-relationship of cardiac and dental pathogenesis and also aims to make recommendations that need to be followed in dental clinics while treating patients with associated cardiac problems. Introduction the purpose of this article is to is to elucidate the Cardiovascular diseases are one of the primary reasons for inter-relationship of cardiac and dental pathosis and also to mortality throughout the world. Patients who are suffering from recommend a protocol that needs to be followed by dentists cardiovascular disease are vulnerable to physical or emotional while managing patients with cardiac problems in dental stress.

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Louis, Juan E Bargallo-Rocha, 1,4 1,3 1,3,4 1 Alejandro Mohar, Omar Peña-Curiel and Cynthia M Villarreal-Garza. In developed countries, age has not been solely reported as an independent predictor of diagnosis delay. In Mexico, median time since tumor detection to treatment initiation is about 7 months, but young women are underrepresented in these studies. Patients completed self-report surveys including questions regarding mode of detection, time from first symptom to medical appointment (patient interval) and time from first symptom to diagnosis (total interval). Pearson chi-square tests were used to examine the effects of patient and clinical characteristics on patient interval and clinical stage. Patient interval and clinical stage were not significantly associated with occupation, education, marital status, current partner or method of detection. The prospective nature of this study allows the recollection of biologic characteristics, treatment scheme and adherence to treatment, to determine their impact on clinical outcome besides diagnosis delay. James Medical Complex, Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad & Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago. We previously reported data on low usage of genetic counseling services by Bahamian women. In order to improve the dissemination of genetic testing results to Caribbean probands and their families we developed a structured approach to genetic test result dissemination and family counseling. Conclusions In Trinidad & Tobago, a structured approach to the dissemination of genetic test results leads to a significant improvement in the rate of family participation compared to previous efforts (64% in Trinidad & Tobago vs. Shankara Cancer Hospital and Research 3 4 Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; St. Body: Introduction: In spite of rapid urbanization and modernization the family remains central in the socio-cultural structure of India. The individuals are enmeshed into this unit and tend to be interlinked financially, emotionally and socially. As is well known, despite recent attempts by the governments at the state and centre at providing health coverage for cancer through regional cancer centres, a majority have to raise the money for cancer care by themselves. We have examined the role of the family in treatment decision making and in the strategies employed to raise the money and cope with the financial stress imposed by a diagnosis of breast cancer. Method: 378 women with breast cancer were enrolled into a longitudinal study at first diagnosis between the years 2008-2012, at two tertiary care hospitals in Bangalore, India. The median follow up as of May 31st 2017 is 78 months with only 2% loss to follow-up over the past 8 years. The frequency of meetings was monthly during the initial treatment and then quarterly over the next 5 years. Information on demographics was collected during the treatment phase and information on the psychosocial aspects was collected in non-structured interactions subsequently.

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